Marilyn Monroe Essay Example Essay Example

Marilyn Monroe Essay Example Paper Marilyn Monroe Essay Introduction Patty Ramirez Mr. Wear AP Lang/Comp 12 June 2010 Period 5 Tragedy of a Star Celebrities are swarmed by the media on a daily basis, and most of the time, are not able to lead normal lives. The media waits for some huge story to leak out through the observation of celebrities. However, paparazzi cannot be around them twenty four hours a day; in the moments they are not around, unknown events occur that ultimately can lead to tragedies. Such tragedies, like assassinations and suicides, become subject to controversy and speculation. For example, Marilyn Monroe’s mysterious death has been analyzed for over 40 years and is still seen as an unsolved puzzle. Marilyn Monroe’s life was cut short on August 4, 1962 due to a drug overdose; her death certificate stated probable suicide; however, forensic pathologist Dr. Thomas Noguchi stated that it was a murder (Bell). Why is this information hidden from the public in the 1960s? Is there more than meets the eye to Marilyn Monroe and her many affairs? Could the U. S. government have anything to do with her sudden and unexpected death? Whatever the answers to these questions are, one thing is certain; there are too many unanswered questions for Monroe’s death to be a simple answer like suicide. Although Marilyn Monroe has been one of the most prominent and influential figures in Hollywood, she had to endure numerous hardships before she ultimately became known as a world famous actress and model. Monroe was born Norma Jeane Baker on June 1, 1926, in Los Angeles to Gladys Monroe Baker and Edward Mortenson (â€Å"The Life of Marilyn Monroe†). Marilyn Monroe Essay Body Paragraphs Unfortunately, her father died in a motorcycle at the age of three and then three years later, her mother was admitted to a mental institution. Growing up in foster homes most of her childhood did not allow Monroe to have role models to look up to. Also, somewhere in the array of foster homes, Monroe was raped leaving her with mental trauma and a stutter (Wolfe). Although Marilyn Monroe mostly lived with strangers, at 15, she moved in with a family friend, Grace McKee. However, McKee’s husband was relocated to the East Coast and they could no longer care for Monroe. Monroe was left with two options: get married or be homeless. At the age of 16, Monroe married McKee’s neighbor James Dougherty and had a happy marriage until Dougherty was shipped to New Guinea with the Navy. As her loneliness grew without Dougherty, she began having many affairs such as Jose Bolanos. Then, she filed for divorce signing a deal with Twentieth Century Fox (Bell). After changing her name to Ma rilyn Monroe and appearing in movies like Dangerous Years, Monroe began to date her vocal coach Fred Karger and fell deeply in-love with him. He then dumped her realizing that the feelings between the two of them were not mutual. This separation devastated Monroe to the point that she attempted to end her life by slitting her wrists. Trying to move on with her life she made more films to keep herself distracted, such as The Asphalt Jungle and As Young as You Feel (IMDbPro), she met baseball star Joe DiMaggio and dated him for 5 years. They later spent a weekend together in Mexico and spontaneously decided to marry there. However, the marriage only lasted three days because DiMaggio became extremely jealous of any attention given to Monroe. Although they split up, throughout the rest of Monroe’s life they continued their intimate relationship (Guilles). Marilyn Monroe was known for being the â€Å"sexiest woman in Hollywood† (Phillips), as well as for her numerous affai rs. She soon added Arthur Miller to the list of husbands and stayed with him for 6 years supposedly being the happiest she’d ever been. Still, she suffered from loneliness easily and sought comfort through sex with other men (Bell). This time, she distracted herself with the start of Marilyn Monroe Productions and ameliorated her career with the picture Some Like it Hot gaining her a Golden Globe (Spoto). At this point she was at the peak of her career but would soon turn into a downward spiral after she met former U. S. president John F. Kennedy and his brother Robert Kennedy. Monroe was close friends with Pat Kennedy and through her she met the Kennedy brothers. She commenced an intimate relationship with both of them without their knowledge and ended up falling in-love with John. The new love triangle created problems since Robert felt strongly about Marilyn even though she did not feel the same way. In the meantime, the CIA began to have suspicions of Monroe’s inte ntions with the Kennedys and sought ways to protect them. The CIA forced the Kennedys to refrain from any contact with Monroe, which left her heartbroken (Summers). On August 5, 1962, Marilyn Monroe was found dead in her Brentwood home at 4 AM by her housekeeper Eunice Murray. Dr. Thomas Noguchi performed the autopsy and signed the death certificate as probable suicide. However, there is an unexplained mystery behind her death as well as many theories that have arisen. For more than 40 years, her death has been analyzed over and over again by many people attempting to solve her death. Even though her death has many different hypotheses, one thing is certain: Marilyn Monroe was murdered. One of the theories still overlooked today is if the CIA assassinated her to avoid a political scandal with John F. Kennedy’s presidency. Also, it is believed that her housekeeper, Eunice Murray, killed Monroe out of anger for being fired earlier that day. It is also believed that Robert Kenne dy murdered her out of spite and jealousy for Monroe’s love for his brother. All three of these theories have proved to be more likely than suicide (Bell). The presumption that the CIA assassinated Monroe has become a probable answer to Monroe’s death since the CIA had become interested in her links with the Kennedys. The CIA became worried that the Mafia would persuade Monroe to influence John F. Kennedy to resign his presidency to be with Monroe. JFK’s advisor, Peter Summers, contacted the CIA to â€Å"take care of Monroe† when it became known that Monroe was aware of government secrets that would supposedly â€Å"shock the world† according to Monroe’s friend, Peter Lawford (Coates). Also, if her death was just a suicide, why does the CIA still hold information concerning the actress’s death as classified? The theory that the CIA was involved, as well as the Kennedy administration, is a much more viable outcome than suicide since th ey still withhold information concerning her death (Wolfe). The speculation under Eunice Murray’s statement to the police has developed into a well-though out theory. According to Monroe’s autopsy, lividity was found on the posterior side of her body even though she was found in bed facing down. She had been dead for several hours, which illuminates the question as to why Murray waited at least 4 hours to notify authorities. When the police finally came, Murray was found cleaning the house spotless. When asked of her intentions, her response was, â€Å"I figured that a lot of people were coming so I wanted the place to look nice† (Wolfe). Plus, it is known that she was fired that morning and that she continued to get increasingly upset according to her son, Norman Jeffries. Could Monroe’s only friend really have killed her? Finally, the controversy behind the hidden information in police reports as well as alleged phone reports that provided the evidence that Monroe had made many calls the night of her murder, has allowed suspicion to fall to Robert Kennedy. Many neighbors witnessed Robert Kennedy come to Monroe’s home 30 minutes before her death with two unknown men. Local authorities merely said that the neighbors were letting their imagination get the best of them (Bell). Is it really possible for 7 different people to see the exact same thing without it being true? Monroe’s autopsy report revealed a high dosage of Nembutal, a sleeping pill that she used with alcohol to get high. However, according to the dosage discovered, Monroe would have had to ingest at least 80 pills; the empty bottles on her nightstand could only hold up to 50. Also, the Nembutal was only found in her liver instead of her digestive tract which means she would have had to be injected (Wilson). Considering the high amount of alcohol in her system, she would not have been conscious to inject herself, so who injected her? Not to mention, after No rman Jeffries went to see his mother shortly after the death of Monroe, he specified the fact that he witnessed that the file cabinets in Monroe’s office had been rummaged through (Bell). Perhaps Monroe had found vital information proving JFK to be dishonest in some way, which is probably the reason behind the classification of Monroe files, as well as the confiscation of every photo of Monroe and JFK together. Besides all the real evidence, there is also no reason for Monroe to have been depressed enough to commit suicide; she had planned a Playboy photo shoot and had rekindled her romance with Joe DiMaggio (Summers). The unexplainable disappearance of vital phone records also suggests that there is something that someone never wanted to be known even to this day. After speculation, it is evident that Marilyn Monroe was assassinated by someone that knew she was somehow a security risk to the government (â€Å"The Life of Marilyn Monroe†). It could have also been becau se of mere rage from Eunice Murray, however, it is now known that Monroe did not commit suicide, she loved what she did in Hollywood too much. Although there are many theories concerning her death, they all have one thing in common: Marilyn Monroe was murdered. Works Cited Bell, Rachael. â€Å"The Death of Marilyn Monroe. † TruTV. com: Not Reality. Actuality. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. , 2010. Web. 5 June 2010. . Coates, Tim (2002). Marilyn Monroe: The F. B. I. Files. Littlehampton Book Services, UK. Guiles, Fred Lawrence. Legend: the Life and Death of Marilyn Monroe. New York: Stein and Day, 1984. Print. IMDbPro. â€Å"Marilyn Monroe. † The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). Amazon. com, 1990-2010. Web. 7 June 2010. . â€Å"The Life of Marilyn Monroe. † Marilyn Monroe’s Official Web Site . :. About Marilyn. Web. 13 June 2010. . Phillips, Josh. â€Å"So Marilyn Monroe? † Personal interview. 13 June 2010. Spoto, Donald (2001), Marilyn Monroe: The Biography. Cooper Square Press, N. Y. Summers, Anthony (1985). Goddess: The Secret Lives of Marilyn Monroe. Orion Books Ltd. , London. Wilson, Kirk (2002). Unsolved Crimes. Carroll Graf Publications, NY. Wolfe, Donald H. (1998) The Last Days of Marilyn Monroe. William Morrow Company. N. Y. Wolfe, Donald H. (1999). The Assassination of Marilyn Monroe. Warner Books, UK. We will write a custom essay sample on Marilyn Monroe Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marilyn Monroe Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marilyn Monroe Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Movie Summary - Brokedown Palace essays

Movie Summary - Brokedown Palace essays What price innocence? This is the question posed in Brokedown Palace, a slight story of slackers who land behind bars in the most unlikely of places. Alice Marano (Claire Danes) and Darlene Davis (Kate Beckinsale) are best friends for life. They've only just made it out of high school, but that "for life" part will be severely tested, in several senses, before the movie is over. Bored by summer jobs, Alice and Darlene tell their parents they're going to visit Hawaii but instead set off to Thailand, lured by stories of good times for cheap. On a tour that makes Thailand look like just another village from a Disney theme park, they partake of quirky local traditions. Things only go downhill when Alice, the trouble maker of the two, invites Darlene to sneak into a glamorous hotel to swim and put drinks on random rooms' tabs. Caught in a lie, their tab is covered by a suave Australian named Nick Parks, who takes them dancing and asks them to join him in Hong Kong. Things unravel at the airport, where a swat team finds drugs in Alice's backpack, and soon a judge gives both girls 33-year prison terms. In these opening minutes, the most entertaining scene occurs when Darlene finds a roach in their cheap hotel room. Sadly, the rest of the movie hardly improves on that. Brokedown Palace serves as a study in muddled, ineffectual drama. For starters, a voiceover by Alice provides the film's set-up in the form of a tape being listened to by Yankee Hank (Bill Pullman), the lawyer the girls are trying to recruit. Pullman nods at the droning, off-topic ramblings on the tape, which are really meant for the viewers in the theater. Similarly, two characters in Brokedown Palace, the women's prison, appear to have been created solely to advance the plot more quickly. There is also the token unfriendly prisoner who loves to cause trouble for the two girls and for no one else. The simplistic melodrama doesn't end there. Alice keeps an irrel...

Seagrasses and Seagrass Beds

Seagrasses and Seagrass Beds Seagrass is an angiosperm (flowering plant) that lives in a marine or brackish environment. Seagrasses grow in groups, forming seagrass beds or meadows. These plants provide important habitat for a variety of marine life.   Seagrass Description Seagrasses evolved around 100 million years ago from grass on land, thus they look similar to our terrestrial grasses.  Seagrasses are submerged flowering plants that have leaves, roots, flowers and seeds.   Since they lack a strong stem or trunk, they are supported by the water.   Seagrasses attach to the ocean bottom by thick roots and rhizomes, horizontal stems with shoots pointing upward and roots pointing downward. Their blade-leaves contain chloroplasts, which produce energy for the plant through photosynthesis. Seagrasses Vs. Algae Seagrasses may be confused with seaweeds (marine algae), but they are not. Seagrasses are vascular plants and reproduce by flowering and producing seeds. Marine algae are classified as  protists  (which also includes protozoans, prokaryotes, fungi and  sponges), are relatively simple and reproduce using spores. Seagrass Classification There are about 50 species of true seagrasses worldwide.  They are organized into the plant families Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Hydrocharitaceae, and Cymodoceaceae. Where Are Seagrasses Found? Seagrasses are found in protected coastal waters such as bays, lagoons, and estuaries and in both temperate and tropical regions, on every continent except Antarctica.  Seagrasses are sometimes found in patches, and these patches can expand to form huge seagrass beds or meadows. The beds can be made up of one species of seagrass or multiple species. Seagrasses require lots of light, so the depths at which they occur in the ocean are limited by light availability.   Why Are Seagrasses Important? Seagrasses provide food and habitat for a variety of marine life (more on that below!).They can stabilize the ocean bottom with their root systems, which gives greater protection from storms.Seagrasses filter runoff and trap sediments and other small particles. This increases water clarity and the health of the marine environment.  Seagrasses help boost local economies through supporting vibrant recreation opportunities. Marine Life Found in Seagrass Beds Seagrasses provide an important habitat to a number of organisms. Some use seagrass beds as nursery areas, others seek shelter there their whole lives. Larger animals such as manatees and sea turtles feed on animals that live in the seagrass beds. Organisms that make the seagrass community their home include bacteria, fungi, algae; invertebrates such as conch, sea stars, sea cucumbers, corals, shrimp and lobsters; a variety of fish species including snapper, parrotfish, rays, and sharks; seabirds such as pelicans, cormorants and herons; sea turtles; and marine mammals such as manatees, dugongs and bottlenose dolphins. Threats to Seagrass Habitats Natural threats to seagrasses include storms, climate changes such as floods and droughts affecting water salinity, disruption of seagrasses by small predators as they search for food, and grazing by animals such as sea turtles and manatees. Human threats to seagrasses include dredging, boating, water quality degradation due to run-off, and shading of seagrasses by docks and boats. References and Further Information: Florida Museum of Natural History. 2008. †Seagrasses†. (Online) Florida Museum of Natural History. Accessed November 12, 2008.Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 2008. Learn About Seagrasses.  (Online). Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Fish Wildlife Research Institute. Accessed November 12, 2008.Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.   Importance of Seagrass. Accessed November 16, 2015.Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 2008. †Seagrasses† (Online). Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Accessed November 12, 2008.Seagrass.LI, Long Island’s Seagrass Conservation Website. 2008. †What is Seagrass?† (Online). Cornell Cooperative Extension Marine Program. Accessed November 12, 2008.Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. Seagrass Habitats. Accessed November 16, 2015.Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Seagrass and Seagrass Beds. Ocean Portal. Accessed November 1 6, 2015.

Zapp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Zapp - Essay Example This is essential as it involves understanding the needs and issues that face other individuals. This principle can be applied in the sense that an individuals working as a team understands the concerns of the team members in order to work effectively and for the team or individuals within the team to be zapped. Through the process of understanding the concerns of other individuals effective measures are able to be applied in dealing with such concerns whenever they arise. Another important principle in Zapp that an individual may apply to zapp themselves involves asking for assistance in terms of problem solving. Whenever problems arise for instance within an organization an individual should engage other employees in the problem solving process. This is crucial as through seeking of assistance ideas, suggestions and information will be shared by the employees. Hence, in order for an individual to be zapped there should be sharing of information in relation to solving various issues within the organization as this will boost the morale of

Haitian Culture Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Haitian Culture - Article Example Gays state that they have to hide their feeling and be isolated from the society. Their life is in danger. â€Å"Human rights campaigners in the Caribbean nation say they know of 47 assaults in just one week, though attacks have slowed in recent days following government intervention. Some have had their lives threatened or had their houses have been burned down or looted†. Thus, Ronald’s parents would judge him severely if they get to know about his orientation and diagnosis. They would ask him to leave their house. Haitians consider homosexuality to be the main reason of HIV, however, it is not proved scientifically. Haitian society is far from being democratic and this is the main problem. In order to build the right strategy to fight with HIV, Haitians should, first of all, get rid of their prejudices, the main task is to stop discrimination. The main task of sociologists is to work with people, organize different conferences, especially lessons for children. Second ly, they should base their conclusions on the real facts and statistics instead of on religion, thus the second step is to make real statistics available for people, for example, at the conferences, at work, in the higher level institutions, in schools. Thirdly, all the efforts should be directed at revealing the main reasons of so many cases of HIV in the country and decide on how to struggle with this. Patients with HIV should be examined thoroughly to find similarities in their way of life, genetics, and the propensity of the organism.

Group Policy in a Mixed Client OS Environment Essay Example for Free

Group Policy in a Mixed Client OS Environment Essay Group policy is a tool used for customizing, controlling, and securing Windows operating systems. It was introduced in Windows 2000 as part of the IntelliMirror technologies. Group policy can be applied at the local computer level or to OU’s, domains, or sites in an Active Directory environment. Group policy was supported by Windows XP Professional, but not XP Home Editions. Group Policy in Vista adds many settings which gives administrators more control over users and computers. In this essay I will discuss five of the newer features that was not in the older versions of windows. The first policy that I will discuss is the Control Removable Media policy. Devices like thumb drives, flash memory card readers, and external USB hard disks made it easy for users to transfer data between two computers. Although convenient, the ease that removable media created brought about the rise in industry espionage. User could easily copy and share company secrets with competitors by copying the information on to a removable device and uploading it to another computer. Software was made available to block access to USB ports on sensitive terminals. The second policy that I will discuss is the Control power management settings. Power management on a single computer can save energy and money. Enforcing a power management strategy can save a company substantial money over a period of time. This policy is located in the administrative tools section of the MMC and contains several folders for apply policies to different aspects of power management. The power management setting is applied through group policy will override settings made by users in the control panels power applet. The third policy that will be discussed in this essay is the button settings policy. The button settings folder contains several policy options. Those policies are listed as follows: The power button, the sleep button, the start menu power button, the lid switch, power button for battery power,  the sleep button for battery power, the start menu button for battery power, and the lid switch for battery power. The actions you will take to assign each of the buttons is as follows: Take no actions, sleep, hibernate and shutdown. The fourth policy that will be discussed in this essay is the notification settings policy. This policy allows you to configure the following policies: Critical battery notification action Low battery notification action Critical battery notification level Turn off low battery user notification Low battery notification level With these policies you can set the levels at which notifications will be triggered. 5. The user account control settings is the last policy discussed in this essay. It was one of the most prominent security improvements in vista user account control. The settings must be changed under the computer configuration node in the left pane of the group policy object editor. Listed are some of the policies that are in the security options folder: The admin approval mode, the application detection policy, and the secure desktop policy.

The Renaissance Essay -- History Renaissance Europe

During the 1400s and 1500s in mainly Italy there was a major change that took place in all aspects of life. This was called the Renaissance and was a movement that helped give rebirth to culture and the arts. This movement went away from the medieval times that had forced a feudalist system on its people. The Medieval times were a dark period in European history that saw a major decline in arts and government. This declining can be attributed to a number of different reasons. One of which was the Bubonic Plague that spread throughout Europe and Asia and killed millions of its inhabitants. This was the final nail in the medieval coffin. Throughout these times the major focus for government and the arts were all religion oriented. The Black Death killed with no discrimination and took the lives of priest and thieves alike. This caused many to question their religion. After all, how could one preach that good people will be held in high regards with their lord when they can die from the same vicious disease as hookers or evil people? The Black Death was also somewhat of a cleansing for many societies. Although it was a horrible epidemic it took care of the rapid population expansion and just like a with brush clear-cut the undergrowth to allow for more growth to occur. This in fact did happen and after the Plague has resided new ideas and policies grew from it. There were now more areas that people could be skilled in and housing and work were in great need which caused and economic boom. With this prosperity allowed more time for positive thinking and this thinking lead people to go back and study their humanity and to see how they could improve themselves. The rebirth started in northern Italy and gave rise to many great improve... ...eans saw it first in action during this time. The Renaissance saw many improvements in everything from conditions of living to ideals and perception. This time was exactly that, a shift in perspective. It demonstrated how growth is good and how crisis's can turn out to be helpful in the long run although they may see tragic at the time they occur. During the Medieval period, there were two focal points to European society: feudalism and the Church; the first to govern the material world, the second to govern the spiritual world. Both feudalism and the Church were highly-structured and rigid systems, intolerant of change, and both clearly supported the proposition that the rights of the individual be lower than the rules of society. The thing that eroded the power of these institutions, and was central to the Renaissance, was the rebirth of the individual in society.

Main thrends in phonemic theory Essay

Methods of Phonological Analysis. The Main Trends in the Phoneme Theory It is generally acknowledged that the phoneme is one of the basic language units. However, it is described by different scholars and representatives of different linguistic schools in different ways. Before we look at the most significant theories, lets say a quick word on the history of phonological studies and mention the names of outstanding scholars who contributed to the understanding of this complicated language phenomenon. In the 1960s there appeared the so-called new phonology which was aimed at explaining how speech is actually produced and understood by the humans. Generative phonology represented by a well-known American linguist N.Chomsky viewed phonology in close connection with syntax and semantics. The ideas of generative phonology were represented in the book by Chomsky and M.Halle The Sound Pattern of English. Classical static phonological models were aimed at creating classifications of the sound system of a particular language. Dynamic models were aimed at establishing the sound pattern of an utterance on the basis of its semantic and grammar characteristics. Now lets try to group these schools into bigger categories and see what is the main criterion in the approach of linguists to the phoneme. In fact, the main criterion is three aspects of the phoneme. Some linguists exaggerate the abstract aspect of the phoneme and ignore the material aspect. Others, on the contrary, pay more attention to the material aspect and ignore the abstract one. We must admit that no theories ignore the functional aspect. I. Conceptions that pay special attention to the abstract aspect. According to mentalistic and psychological view, the phoneme is an ideal mental image, it doesnt exist objectively, it exists only in the mind of the speaker. Actual speech sounds are imperfect realization of it. These ideals were expressed by Baudauin de Courtenay and by Sommerfelt. II.   Conception that can be called functional because special focus is given to the ability of the phoneme to differentiate the meaning. III. The group concerned with the material aspect. The physical view represented by Daniel Jones and B.Bloch regards the phoneme as the family of related sounds. In other words the phoneme is a mechanical sum of its allophones. So, similarity between sounds is considered to be the main criterion for attributing them to a particular phoneme. We see that the representatives of this approach ignore the abstract and functional aspect of the phoneme. 1) to establish distinctive  difference between sounds, that is to establish relevant features 2) to create the inventory of the phonemes and establish the phonemic system of a language.

The Mother

Gwendolyn Brooks' poem, â€Å"The Mother† is an introspective look into the internal struggle of a woman who has had an abortion. The poem is very powerful and conveys a vast array of feelings and sentiments on the subject such as regret, love, and disappointment in one's self. The poem is largely successful due to it's tone, which is achieved through the personification and choice of diction. To begin with, lines one and two state the general idea of the poem. Abortions will not let you forget. You remember the children you got that you did not get. The first stanza of the poem begins with the introduction to the mother and her plight. The first line introduces plainly the topic of the poem. Abortion, although discussed and debated daily, is considered to be a very personal and often private experience in one's life. The second line confirms that this is a personal account of the â€Å"Mother. † The personification gives one more reason to feel empathy for the woman who is telling her story via the poem. Titling the work mother is an interesting tactic, as the topic of the poem is abortion. Perhaps this was done in order to create a tension and sadness between the mother and the abortions she is speaking of. There is also a great use of the word â€Å"you. † Brooks is writing to those who have had abortions or will have abortions and the things they must deal with. From this point Brooks writes of the joys and struggles of motherhood that the woman will never experience. For example â€Å"You will never neglect or beat them, or silence or buy with a sweet† (Brooks 6,7). In this segment Brooks uses enjambment to push the idea that there is no longer a â€Å"them. The action of thumb sucking, which most children experience, is referenced in a longing way. The mother feels sadness knowing she will never correct the action. In the line, † The damp small pulps with a little or with no hair, The singers and workers that never handled the air. † Brooks gives a strong image of the pre-baby form versus the adult form the child would have later in life. This is an interesting tactic, as it contrasts an inhuman and human form. Often fetuses are not referred to as â€Å"living† beings, and Brooks is bringing light to that conversation. The first stanza references so many actions that many mothers find mundane, but the mother who has never experienced them, treats them as treasured and severely missed moments. The second stanza focuses on the pain and loss of the woman. Brooks writes, â€Å"I have heard in the voices of the wind the voices of my dim killed children. † This is the first line to break the rhyme scheme within the poem. The mother character feels haunted by the silent cries of the multiple abortions she has had. Once again Brooks writes of the acts she will never witness, such as marriages, aches, and first breaths. From the perspective of mother, the reader witnesses the ache of regret. In the lines, I have said, Sweets, if I sinned, if I seized Your luck† there is an interesting idea planted. The word â€Å"If† implies a question in the mother. Perhaps the mother made her decision but society has made her feel the guilt? Although this idea seems largely discounted in the following stanza. In line â€Å"Believe that even in my deliberateness I was not deliberate. † We are given a taste of the state of mind the mother possessed when she had her abortion. What is being said is that although abortion was the result, it was done with best intentions. The reader is left to infer that perhaps the woman could not have provided, or might have been cast out, or any possibility that would have abortion be the prevailing answer. The following lines, â€Å"Though why should I whine, Whine that the crime was other than mine? –† tell us that the woman equates her behavior with murder. This poem does not read specifically pro-life or pro-choice, rather, it reads as sympathetic towards the hard decisions that the mother has made and her reflections on whether it was the best decision for her. Another example of the mother's reflection is found within lines 28-31. Brooks writes, â€Å"Since anyhow you are dead. Or rather, or instead, You were never made. † In these lines the reader is confronted with the question, â€Å"When does life begin? † The mother in the poem seems to struggle with this idea. She attaches human feelings and behavior to the unborn, but in the poem often questions their viability. In the last stanza, Brooks leaves us with the sobering lines, â€Å"Believe me, I loved you all. Believe me, I knew you, though faintly, and I loved, I loved you, All. These lines clear up any confusion as to what the mother feels towards the unborn fetuses. Although she never knew them, and it was her decision not to have them, she still feels the emotional attachment that any mother might. These lines answer the question as to why the woman is referred to as mother. THe woman possesses the maternal sense of unconditional love that she has felt for the fetuses, referred and her longing to be with them. There is a strong power in the use of ending on the word, â€Å"All. † Although the mother has had multiple abortions, she equates it with the same longing and regret as just one.

Free Essays on Reaction To War Letters

in the letters, though, are so sincere and moving in most cases that it seems very unlikely that, in fact, a male did write this heart-felt letter. Their only hope is that the war they are involved in will be finished soon and they can be back in the loving arms of their families. The also write of the desolate loneliness that seems to consume their life day after day. As if these feelings of pai... Free Essays on Reaction To War Letters Free Essays on Reaction To War Letters Reaction to War Letters† I am really glad that I was introduced to this book called War Letters. The book really gives focus on the emotional side of males. It has been long known that men, on many occasions, have trouble expressing their feeling, and ultimately what they want. In this extraordinary work, the accounts and recollections of the soldiers really give the reader a sense of how wartime was at that time. For example, a description of a Civil War battle is very different from a Korean War battle, and it is fairly able to recognize because of the unique wording of the soldiers. Overall this book really gives insight to the different male emotions and gives the reader an idea of the price that ordinary men pay to make us enjoy the freedom that we have today. The men who bring us the riveting tales of war are no different from any ordinary citizen today. These men were bound by their willingness for freedom in the stage of battle and would let nothing stop them to achieve this freedom. The men are fathers, brothers, and sons who are off fighting for their families and fighting for the freedom that their family currently has. Aside from some legendary figures such as, Clara Barton, Teddy Roosevelt, and Douglas MacArthur, theses letters are primarily common soldiers or marines. Most of the men writing are scared and homesick, with only these letters to keep their spirits high. They write of the hardships of battle in very descriptive wording. They write of their love for their wife and children, or girlfriend. The words in the letters, though, are so sincere and moving in most cases that it seems very unlikely that, in fact, a male did write this heart-felt letter. Their only hope is that the war they are involved in will be finishe d soon and they can be back in the loving arms of their families. The also write of the desolate loneliness that seems to consume their life day after day. As if these feelings of pai...

Appropriate Motivational Theory For An IT Specialist Information Technology Essay

Appropriate Motivational Theory For An IT Specialist Information Technology Essay Introduction This report defines motivation and briefly analyses the content and process theories of motivation. It analyses and discusses the motivational theory relevant to information technology specialists. A fictitious case study is developed and the appropriate motivational theory is applied to address the problem in the case study. Literature Review Motivation is defined as â€Å"the cognitive, decision making process through which goal-directed behaviour is initiated, energised, and directed and maintained.†Ã‚   [ 1 ]   Luthans (1998) described motivation as â€Å"the process of stimulating people to action and to achieve a desired task.†Ã‚   [ 2 ]    Motivation is, therefore, the way that managers influence the employees’ behaviour so that they produce results in order to meet organisational goals. Motivation can be seen from two distinct but related perspectives: Goals – motivation is viewed in terms of desired goals of individuals and this is addressed by the content theories of motivation. Content theories focus on what motivates individuals and assumes that individuals have a set of needs or goals which can be satisfied through work. Thus, they are also referred to as ‘need theories.’   [ 3 ]    Decisions – motivation is viewed in terms of how an individual’s decisions affect their choice of goals. This is known as Process Theories of motivation which view the individual as an active decision-maker and the emphasis is on the actual process (method) of motivation.   [ 4 ]    The following are content theories of motivation: A. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs – Maslow’s theory suggests that individuals have five types of needs, namely (in ascending order):   [ 5 ]    Physiological needs – needs that are essential for living e.g. food, water. Safety needs – people want protection against unemployment, seek comfort, shelter as well as being safeguarde d against unfair treatment. Affiliation needs – people seek attachment and a sense of belongingness and affection at work. Esteem needs – need for recognition, reputation, achievement and strength. Self-actualisation needs – Maslow defines this as â€Å"to realise your full potential and to become all that you can become.† D. McClelland’s theory of needs – McClelland measured people in three dimensions:   [ 6 ]    Need for Power (nPower) – individuals with a high need for power arouse strong emotions in them. They want to create an impact on others and make a difference in life. Need for Achievement (nAch) – individuals prefer tasks that are neither too simple nor extremely difficult but that challenge them to do their best. Need for Affiliation (nAff) – individuals that seek recognition and respect of others and wish to establish personal relationships with others. Herzberg’s 2 factor theory – Herzberg identified two sets of factors:   [ 7 ]    Hygiene factors provide job satisfaction (being content with your job) but not motivation to employees such as pay, supervision, security and working conditions. These are known as extrinsic factors as they are separate from the job itself. Motivator factor provides high levels of satisfaction, motivation and performance. It includes responsibility, achievement, growth and recognition. These are known as intrinsic factors as they stem from the job itself. The following are Process theories of motivation: J. Adams’ equity theory – This theory assumes that employees are motivated to act in situations which they perceive to be inequitable or unfair.   [ 8 ]   Thus, they are in a constant process of comparing themselves to other employees in terms of pay, terms and conditions etc.   [ 9 ]

Bad lending leading to the East Asian crisis in 1990s Essay

Bad lending leading to the East Asian crisis in 1990s - Essay Example 347). The basic diagnosis attributed the crisis to the financial chaos caused by the financial systems riddled by the insider dealings, weak corporate governance, and corruption that caused inefficient spending investment. This weakened stability in the banking system. The economies in East Asia were successful for generations, and the crisis in1997 was unanticipated despite Yung Chul Park (1996) warning against impending crisis. Many foreign investors invested a lot of funds even at the onset of the crisis (Choe and Chinmay 2007, p. 232-255). This paper investigates on the bad lending that led to the financial crisis in East Asia in 1990s. This is because of the success of economies  in East Asia that led to massive financial inflows in years leading to crisis, with few warning signs. Background to financial crisis Central to the full understanding of the cause of East Asian crisis is multifaceted evidence on the structure of the incentives used by financial and corporate sectors, which operated in the area. The moral problem magnified the financial vulnerability during the liberalization of the market in 1990s. This exposed fragility concerning the macroeconomic and the financial shocks that occurred between 1995 and 1997. This problem exhibited the three different, yet interrelated dimensions at corporate, the financial and the international level (Choe and Chinmay 2007, p. 232-255). The political pressures at the corporate level maintained high economic growth rates that guaranteed the private projects under government control. Even in the absence of the explicit bail-out promises, strategies and production plans of the corporate sector overlooked the riskiness and the costs of the investment projects. The industrial and financial policy enmeshed in the widespread business sector of political and personal favouritism and markets operated under the impression of their investment returns being insured from the adverse shocks. This represented underpinnings of the sustained process of accumulation of capital leading to account deficits. The investment rate remained high because of the fall in interest rates of neighbouring countries like Japan. As a result, banks borrowed excessively from abroad as well as lending excessively at home (Ichikawa 1998, p. 155-179). Extensive liberalization of the capital markets consistently provided large supply of funds at minimized costs to the domestic, corporate sector and national financial institutions. This motivated the exchange rate policies that reduced volatility of domestic currency in US dollars lowering the risk premium on the dollar-denominated debt. Internationally, moral hazard hinged on behaviour of the international banks. Over the period that led to crisis, international bands rented a lot of funds to the domestic intermediaries in the region neglecting the risk assessment standards. They presumed the direct government guarantee to the short-term interbank liabilities through bailout using the IMF support programs (Ichikawa 1998, p. 155-179). The stagnation of economy in Japan in 1990s lowered the exports from Asian countries. Few months before the crisis in East Asia, economy of Japan declined significantly, thus shattering the recovery process. The fall in ‘semi-conductors’ demand in 1996, and the adverse fluctuations in trade worsened the trade balances between 1996 and